Description

Returns the 3-dimensional minimum cartesian distance between two geometries in projected units (spatial ref units).

This function supports 3d and will not drop the z-index.

This function supports Polyhedral surfaces.

This method implements the SQL/MM specification. SQL-MM ISO/IEC 13249-3

Availability: 2.0.0

Changed: 2.2.0 - In case of 2D and 3D, Z is no longer assumed to be 0 for missing Z.

Changed: 3.0.0 - SFCGAL version removed

Examples

Geometry example - units in meters (SRID: 2163 US National Atlas Equal area) (3D point and line compared 2D point and line) Note that currently no vertical datum support so Z is not transformed and assumed to be same units as final.

SELECT ST_3DDistance(
            ST_Transform('SRID=4326;POINT(-72.1235 42.3521 4)'::geometry, 2163),
                ST_Transform('SRID=4326;LINESTRING(-72.1260 42.45 15,-72.123 42.1546 20)'::geometry, 2163)
            ) As dist_3d,
            ST_Distance(
                ST_Transform('SRID=4326;POINT(-72.1235 42.3521)'::geometry, 2163),
                ST_Transform('SRID=4326;LINESTRING(-72.1260 42.45,-72.123 42.1546)'::geometry, 2163)
            ) As dist_2d;

     dist_3d      |     dist_2d
------------------+-----------------
 127.295059324629 | 126.66425605671

Multilinestring and polygon both 3D and 2D distance. Same example as 3D closest point example.

SELECT ST_3DDistance(poly, mline) As dist3d,
    ST_Distance(poly, mline) As dist2d
        FROM (SELECT  'POLYGON((175 150 5,20 40 5,35 45 5,50 60 5,100 100 5,175 150 5))'::geometry as poly,
               'MULTILINESTRING((175 155 2,20 40 20,50 60 -2,125 100 1,175 155 1),(1 10 2,5 20 1))'::geometry as mline) as foo;

      dist3d       | dist2d
-------------------+--------
                 0 |      0

Figure

See Also

ST_Distance, ST_3DClosestPoint, ST_3DDWithin, ST_3DMaxDistance, ST_3DShortestLine, ST_Transform