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PostGIS
Spatial database extender
for PostgreSQL
PostGIS is a spatial database extension for PostgreSQL
object-relational database. PostGIS is released under the GPLv2
License. It is written in C and relies on additional libraries
GEOS and GDAL for many geometry and raster operations.
PostGIS implements the OGC Spatial Features for SQL (SFSQL)
Standard. It goes beyond the standard to support seamless
raster/geometry queries, round earth model
thru geography type, and 3D surface and volume support.
What is PostGIS
Where is it used
PostGIS is widely used by companies and communities of all sizes.
It is ideal for projects that require analysis of both spatial
and non-spatial data together or for managing
large repositories of spatial data.
It is also used as a database to powerWeb mapping servers or
directly integrated in decision support
web applications via it’s various web-friendly geometry
and raster output
functions. PostGIS offers functions to vector data in:
GeoJSON, KML, SVG, X3D, Binary Tile, and light binary formats.
Rasters can be output in any format supported by GDAL via
the raster sql functions.
Most commonly used are PNG, JPEG, and TIFF.
postgis
ZOO-Kernel
This is the core extension that includes geometry,
geography, and raster types as well
as index support and functions for these types.
The postgis_topology, postgis_tiger_geocoder,
and postgis_sfcgal require this extension.
In addition there is another commonly used
PostgreSQL extension, pgrouting, used for
route networking
that also requires this extension.
ZOO-Services
Functions for building a topology and creating
Topogeometries. Topgeometries are
defined by the relational
primitives of edges, faces, and nodes.
It implements the SQL-MM: Topo-Geo
and Topo-Net standards.
postgis_tiger_geocoder
ZOO-API
A PostgreSQL extension that includes logic
for loading US Census TIGER data in structure
suitable for geocoding as well as normalizer,
Geocoder, and reverse geocoder functions for US.
postgis_sfcgal
ZOO-Client
A postgresql extension that provides advanced 3D
Functions for PostGIS 3D geometries. It relies on SFCGAL
Which itself relies on CGAL. This is not packaged
with all binary distributions.
Components
postgis.net
Getting Involved
The PostGIS project provides several avenues
for involvement.
Details about these are listed on https://postgis.net/support
PostGIS project includes several PostgreSQL extensions.
postgis_topology
Where to get it
In addition to source form, PostGIS is often distributed along
with PostgreSQL via various package maintainers. There is at least
one available for each common OS
Linux, Unix, FreeBSD, Mac, and Windows.
It is also offered via many big and small cloud PostgreSQL
Database-as-a -service providers.
More details at http://postgis.net/install
http://postgis.net/source
address_standardizer
Is used to standardizer addresses into their
Component parts: street number, street, city
,state, zip and so on.
This extension is not packaged with all PostGIS
binary distributions.