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PostGIS
Spatial database extender
for PostgreSQL
PostGIS is a spatial database extension for PostgreSQL
object-relational database. PostGIS is released
under the GPLv2+ license. It is written in C and
relies on libraries GEOS and GDAL
for many geometry and raster operations.
PostGIS implements the OGC Spatial Features
for SQL (SFSQL) standard. It goes beyond
the standard to support seamless
raster/geometry queries, round earth model
thru geography type, and 3D surface and volume support.
What is PostGIS
postgis
geometry, geography, and raster types
and database functions to work with these types
postgis_topology, postgis_sfcgal,
and postgis_tiger_geocoder, require this extension.
topogeometry type, functions
and topologies (nodes, edges, faces)
as defined by the SQL-MM: Topo-Geo and Topo-Net.
postgis_sfcgal
spatial processing functions for 3D surfaces
and volume geometries
not packaged with all PostGIS binary distributions.
Database Components
postgis.net
PostGIS project includes several PostgreSQL extensions.
postgis_topology
Where to get it
In addition to source form, PostGIS is often distributed along
with PostgreSQL via various package maintainers and
database-as-a-service cloud hosters.
http://postgis.net/install http://postgis.net/source
address_standardizer
standardizing USA addresses into their
house number, street, city, state, zip and
other address elements.
not packaged with all PostGIS
binary distributions.
Tools
PostGIS project includes tools for loading data
data loaders and export tools for ESRI Shapefiles
raster2pgsql
load raster from various GDAL supported formats
into postgis raster format.
shp2pgsql, pgsql2shp, shp2pgsql-gui
Clip rasters
Longest line
Some things it can do
Cluster number by distance
Geocoding for USA
postgis_tiger_geocoder
geocoding and reverse geocoding functions
for USA using Census TIGER data.